• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The invention relates to a composite element (100), comprising a core element (1), which core element (1) is formed from a nonflammable material, wherein the core element (1) is provided with a cover layer (10) on at least one of its outer surfaces (2, 3) , 11), and wherein the cover layer (10, 11) is connected to the core element (1) by means of an adhesive connection (20), and wherein -) the adhesive connection (20) consists of an adhesive mixture, which adhesive mixture consists of one Flame retardant mixed adhesive, or -) the adhesive bond (20) is formed from an adhesive, which adhesive is a polycondensation adhesive or comprises a polycondensation adhesive.
    公开号:AT511513A1
    申请号:T1606/2011
    申请日:2011-11-02
    公开日:2012-12-15
    发明作者:
    申请人:List Components & Furniture Gmbh；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    * · «It» «PI2282
    V ERBUNDELEMENT
    The invention relates to a composite element.
    To the materials used in yacht construction and ships, in particular cruise liners, which are used in interior fitting, e.g. the cabins are used, high demands are made, especially as regards the fire resistance of these materials.
    For example, such materials are used for wall structures, wall substructures, for ceiling mounting, for ceiling substructures, ventilation boxes for yachts and cruise ships, etc.
    In addition to the refractoriness, it is also advantageous if these materials are relatively light-weighted. Often silicate panels are used, on which a laminate layer is applied to stabilize the panel. However, these designs are not sufficiently fire-resistant and in particular do not meet the relevant fire tests, which is why these constructions must also be considered in the fire load calculation. The limits of the fire load are often exceeded, which causes numerous problems.
    It is an object of the invention to provide a fire-resistant material which is particularly suitable for use in yachts.
    This object is achieved with a composite element mentioned in the introduction, which comprises: a core element, which core element is formed from a non-combustible material, wherein the core element is provided with a cover layer on at least one of its outer surfaces, and wherein the cover layer by means of an adhesive bond with the adhesive element is composed of an adhesive mixture, which adhesive mixture consists of an adhesive mixed with a flameproofing agent, or) the adhesive bond is formed from an adhesive, which adhesive is a polycondensation adhesive or comprises a polycondensation adhesive.
    The "not flammability" of materials is defined, for example, in IMO MSC 61 (67) FTP Code Part 1 IMO Resolution A.799 (19), the building material class DIN 4102, the building material class DIN EN 13501 and in the following standards: EN ISO 1182, EN ISO 1716 , EN ISO 9239, DIN 5510.
    By comparison, e.g. Laminate according to fire class Building material class DIN 4102-1 Bl flame retardant, but not "non flammable". Accordingly, the laminate would have to be considered in the fire load calculation and is therefore not suitable as a core element.
    Such "non-flammable" Kemelemente are fire resistant and pass the necessary fire tests, but are often not mechanically stable and thus taken alone for the desired purposes as described above not usable. By attaching a suitable cover layer by means of a suitable adhesive or a suitable adhesive mixture (adhesive + flame retardant) on the one hand, the mechanical stability of the composite element of the invention is realized and prevents the breakage of the core element, on the other hand, this composite element is also fire-resistant and passes the relevant fire tests.
    PI2282
    In a specific embodiment of a composite element according to the invention it is provided that a cover layer is provided on the upper side and / or the underside of the core element, preferably on the upper side and the lower side.
    Such a composite element is easy to produce and delivers - in addition to the required fire resistance - and the necessary mechanical stability of the composite element.
    Typical composite elements are formed as plates, i. formed in the shape of a cuboid, wherein the edges of the cuboid Kemelementes on the four narrow sides, raw, i. remain uncoated.
    An exemplary dimension for such a composite element is L x W x H = 2780 mm x 1280 mm x 16 mm. Basically, the dimensions are irrelevant.
    The sides / edges of the composite element remain uncoated, because a coating is not necessary. The composite elements in the form of plates are made, for example, with the above dimensions, from these large plates, the required items are cut out and processed further vera.
    In order to achieve the non-combustibility of the composite element it is provided that the adhesive of the adhesive mixture is a polycondensation adhesive (for example urea, melamine, phenol, resorcinol) or comprises a polycondensation adhesive.
    Particularly good non-combustibility is ensured when the core element is formed substantially of inorganic material, e.g. it may be the non-combustible, inorganic material is a metal or, for example, an aluminum foam; Also stone or glass (calcium silicate plates) are conceivable. P12282 P12282
    ft * · «·. t * I ·
    »P
    Or the substantially inorganic material is composed of a base material such as expanded glass beads or foam glass beads, etc., which are substantially or entirely formed of inorganic material, and this base material is bonded with an inorganic binder.
    It has proven to be particularly favorable with regard to the non-flammability, if the core element is a Blähglasplatte or foam glass plate.
    The core element in the form of a expanded glass plate or foam glass plate is fire-resistant and passes the necessary fire tests. However, these glass plates are very fragile and therefore can not be used alone for the desired purposes as described above. By attaching a suitable cover layer by means of a suitable adhesive mixture or a suitable adhesive on the one hand, the mechanical stability of the composite element according to the invention is realized and prevents the breaking of the expanded glass plate, on the other hand, this composite element is also fire-resistant and passes the relevant fire tests.
    A relevant test in the yachting sector is e.g. Fire Test - Non-flammability according to IMO MSC 61 (67) FTP Code Part 1 IMO Resolution A.799 (19) and IMO MSC / Circ. 1120 ".
    A composite element according to the invention therefore does not have to be used in the fire load calculation e.g. of the rooms.
    In a specific embodiment of the invention it is provided that the adhesive or the adhesive mixture is applied with an application rate of 30 - 800 g / m1.
    The adhesive mixture is applied to the core element, e.g. applied on both sides (with two outer layers), for example by hand or with a mechanical glue application roller. Subsequently, the cover sheet (s) is / are applied and the entire composite is pressed in a platen press to the final composite element.
    In principle, it is advantageous to use as little adhesive or adhesive mixture as possible in order to ensure that it can not be burned. On the other hand, sufficient adhesive (compound) should be used to ensure a good mechanical connection between the core element and the at least one cover layer.
    In particular, it may therefore be advantageous if the adhesive or the adhesive mixture is applied at an application rate of 100-700 g / m 2, or if the adhesive or adhesive mixture is applied at an application rate of 200-600 g / m 2, or if the adhesive Adhesive or the adhesive mixture is applied with an application rate of 400 - 500 g / m2.
    To the "non-combustibility" of the composite member, it is further advantageous if the adhesive is an aminoplastic adhesive, such as a UF resin adhesive.
    Furthermore, it is favorable if the flame retardant is a halogen-free flame retardant, e.g. based on ammonium polyphosphate.
    It is also advantageous in view of the non-combustibility of the composite element if the at least one cover layer is formed from an inorganic material. P12282 * · · φ% φ φφφ ··
    Furthermore, it can be provided that the at least one cover layer is formed from a fiber material, or that the at least one cover layer is formed from a woven fabric, scrim or fleece.
    Here, it is again advantageous if the fiber material, the fabric, scrim or the fleece are formed from an inorganic material.
    The specified materials such as fiber material, fabric, scrim or nonwoven have the advantage that they can be well penetrated by the adhesive or the adhesive mixture and thus lead to a stable composite.
    In particular, it has proved to be advantageous if the at least one cover layer is formed from basalt or a basalt fabric.
    For example, this is a lamination of basalt fabric in the form of a linen weave.
    It is also advantageous if the basalt tissue has a density of at most 150 g / m 2.
    However, it can also be provided that the at least one covering layer (10, 11) is formed from (organic) carbon or from a carbon fabric.
    For example, this is a lamination of carbon fabric in the form of a twill weave.
    It is advantageously provided that the carbon fabric has a maximum density of 160 g / m2.
    Basalt and carbon have the advantage that they are practically incombustible and very stable.
    Piliüi • * * · * · ** ··· • # · * · f ··
    Finally, it can also be provided that the at least one cover layer is formed from a laminate.
    The density or the weight of the material of the cover layers (s), in particular of the fabric (basalt, carbon), is selected such that the adhesive can optimally penetrate the cover layer / the fabric so as to create a bond between the cover view and the core layer. element to be able to produce. If the cover layer / fabric of the cover layer is too dense, the adhesive can no longer (optimally) penetrate it and thus no longer produce (optimal) adhesion.
    The use of basalt fabric is more cost effective than that of carbon fabric, however, carbon fabric has the advantage that it is more readily available and has been on the market for a longer time, and accordingly, there is more experience in the processing and behavior of carbon fabrics.
    Finally, it is still advantageous if the at least one cover layer has a melting temperature of more than 350 ° C., in particular more than 600 ° C. or more than 1000 ° C.
    For glass fibers, this melting temperature is > 400-650 ° C, with basalt fibers at > 1450 ° C, and carbon fiber at > 3650 ° C.
    Aramid fiber is self-extinguishing by a high oxygen index of 29%, but not "nonflammable", but can also be used for the topcoats.
    In a further variant, it can also be provided that a layer of a veneer is applied to the at least one, preferably to both cover layers. PI2282 * * _ ft * * * · · · Ι | »• · · · *» 9 * * 1 * * * * * * * * * ··
    Preferably, the veneer is provided with a flame retardant, wherein advantageously the veneer is impregnated in the flame retardant, preferably in an organic flame retardant.
    In particular, it has been found to be advantageous if the veneer is treated with the flame retardant, e.g. an organic or inorganic flame retardant is sprayed.
    Furthermore, it has proven to be favorable if the veneer is impregnated with the flame retardant in at least one, preferably exactly one impregnation cycle with the flame retardant.
    Likewise, it has proved to be advantageous if the veneer in one or more, preferably in 1-4 spray passes, with the flame retardant, for example, each with 50 -100 g / mA2 square meter flame retardant per spray pass provided.
    Depending on the type of wood, the veneer cover layer preferably has a thickness of 0.45 mm - 0.9 mm, for example 0.7 mm.
    In order to produce a stable, fire-resistant composite, it is further provided that a veneer layer is connected to a cover layer by means of an adhesive bond in the form of an aminoplastic adhesive or a polycondensation adhesive.
    Preferably, the adhesive bond comprises a melamine resin or urea-formaldehyde resin.
    It may be advantageous if the urea-formaldehyde resin system (the urea-formaldehyde resin) is provided with a flame retardant. pl2282 pl2282
    * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
    When using melamine resin adhesive has been found that an admixture of a flame retardant is not essential; but such admixture can also be beneficial here.
    In the case of e.g. Urea formaldehyde resin as an adhesive flame retardant is added to the adhesive. The adhesive (urea-formaldehyde resin) is in the form of a powder, which is mixed with water. This adhesive powder, the flame retardant is also added in powder form. About 5-15% organic flame retardant in powder form is admixed with the powdery urea-formaldehyde resin adhesive, the 5-15% being based on the weight of the adhesive powder.
    The powdered flame retardant is thereby added to the mixture (adhesive powder + water) with water.
    For example, the adhesive bond is applied in an amount of 120-150 g / mA.sup.2, preferably rolled or sprayed on.
    The composite element is pressed, for example in a cycle press, the pressing pressure is for example at least 3.5 kg / cmA2.
    The pressing temperature and time depends on the glue system (glue connection).
    A composite element according to the invention, which is provided on the outer sides with veneer, is usually provided for decorative purposes (field of view); such a composite element has different requirements than e.g. when used for wall structures, wall substructures, for ceiling mounting, for ceiling substructures, ventilation boxes. A composite element with veneer coating is in accordance with the fire tests IMO FTP PART II (Smoke + Toxicity) and Part V (Surface Flammabili- Ριιιββ ιιιιβί
    • 999 9 9 ♦ · · · »· * · ♦ · ·» 9 9 99999 9 9 9 9 · ♦ • ··· · · · · ty), the check after IMO FTP PART I (non-combustibility) is written in usually not passed, but this is not necessary.
    A composite element according to the invention without veneer also passes the test according to PART I.
    In the following the invention is explained in more detail with reference to the drawing. In this shows
    1 shows a composite element according to the invention in a schematic vertical section,
    2 shows a core element for use in a composite element from FIG. 1, likewise in a schematic vertical section or in a side view, and FIG
    Fig. 3 shows a composite element of Figure 1 with additionally applied to the outer sides Fumierschichten.
    FIG. 1 shows a composite element 100 according to the invention in the form of a cuboidal plate.
    The composite element consists of a core element 1, wherein this core element 1 is designed, for example, as a expanded glass plate or as a foam glass plate. The core element 1 is provided with a covering layer 10, 11 on two outer surfaces (upper side 2, lower side 3, see FIG. The cover layers 10, 11 are connected to the core element 1 by means of an adhesive bond 20.
    The adhesive bonds 20 are formed, for example, from an adhesive mixture, which consists of an adhesive mixture mixed with a flame retardant adhesive. The adhesive may be, for example, a polycondensation adhesive or contain a polycondensation adhesive. PI2282 ϊι
    Under certain circumstances, the non-flammability can also be achieved if only polycondensation adhesive, without admixture of flame retardants, is used.
    The four narrow sides of the composite element 100 remain raw, i. uncoated.
    In a specific embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the adhesive mixture or the adhesive is applied with an application rate of 400-600 g / m 2 between the core element 1 and the cover layer or layers 10, 11.
    The adhesive mixture is applied to both sides of the core element 1, for example by hand or with a glue application machine. Subsequently, the cover sheet (s) is / are applied and the entire composite is pressed in a platen press to the final composite element.
    Preferably, the adhesive is an aminoplastic adhesive.
    It is furthermore advantageous if the flame retardant is a halogen-free flame retardant, e.g. based on ammonium polyphosphate.
    By way of example, the cover layers 10, 11 are formed from basalt or a basalt fabric.
    For example, this is a lamination of basalt fabric in the form of a plain weave. It is also advantageous if the basalt fabric has a density of not more than 220 g / m2.
    It may also be advantageous if the cover layers 10, 11 are formed from carbon or from a carbon fabric. For example, this is a lamination of carbon fabric in the form of a twill weave. It is also advantageous if the carbon fabric has a density of up to 220 g / m2.
    PtiaS2
    PtiaS2
    • * * * ··· «* • ·» ·· * »*
    * t · · «t I iS-::: *: * • · · · · · · * * t ·
    The density or the weight of the fabric (basalt, carbon) is chosen such that the adhesive can penetrate the fabric optimally so as to be able to produce a bond between the cover and the core element. If the density of the fabric of the cover layer is too high, the adhesive can no longer (optimally) penetrate it and thus no longer produce (optimal) adhesion.
    FIG. 3 shows a further variant in which, starting from a composite element as described in FIG. 1, a layer 12, 13 of a veneer is applied to each of the two cover layers 10, 11. Preferably, the veneer is provided with a flame retardant, wherein advantageously the veneer is impregnated in the flame retardant, preferably in an organic flame retardant. In particular, it has been found to be advantageous if the veneer is treated with the flame retardant, e.g. an organic or inorganic flame retardant is sprayed.
    Furthermore, it has proven to be favorable if the veneer is impregnated with the flame retardant in at least one, preferably exactly one impregnation cycle with the flame retardant. Likewise, it has proved to be advantageous if the veneer in one or more, preferably in 1-4 spray passes, with the flame retardant, for example, each with 50-100 g / mA2 square meter flame retardant per spray pass provided.
    Depending on the type of wood, the veneer cover layer preferably has a thickness of 0.45 mm - 0.9 mm, for example 0.7 mm.
    In order to produce a stable, fire-resistant composite, it is provided that the veneer layers 12, 13 are each connected to the cover layers 10, 11 by means of an adhesive bond 30 in the form of an aminoplastic adhesive or a polycondensation adhesive. Preferably, the adhesive composition 30 comprises a melamine resin or
    Pl2l82 I formaldehyde resin. It may be advantageous if the urea formaldehyde resin system (the urea formaldehyde resin) is provided with a flame retardant.
    When using melamine resin adhesive has been found that an admixture of a flame retardant is not essential; but such admixture can also be beneficial here.
    In the case of e.g. Urea formaldehyde resin as an adhesive flame retardant is added to the adhesive. The adhesive (urea formaldehyde resin) is in the form of a powder, which is mixed with water. This adhesive powder, the flame retardant is also added in powder form. About 5-15% organic flame retardant in powder form is admixed with the powdery urea-formaldehyde resin adhesive, the 5-15% being based on the weight of the adhesive powder. The powdery flame retardant is thereby added to the mixture (Klcbstoffpulver + water) with water.
    For example, the adhesive bond is applied in an amount of 120-150 g / mA.sup.2, preferably rolled or sprayed on.
    The composite element is pressed, for example in a cycle press, the pressing pressure is for example at least 3.5 kg / cmA2.
    The pressing temperature and time depends on the glue system (glue connection).
    Vienna, the fc2, NöV.
    权利要求:
    Claims (31)
    [1]
    Pl2282

    Claims Ί. Composite element (100), comprising a core element (1), which core element (1) is formed of a non-combustible material, wherein the core element (1) on at least one of its outer surfaces (2, 3) provided with a cover layer (10, 11) and wherein the cover layer (10, 11) is bonded to the core element (1) by means of an adhesive bond (20), and wherein -) the adhesive bond (20) consists of an adhesive mixture consisting of an adhesive mixed with a flame retardant , or -) the adhesive bond (20) is formed from an adhesive, which adhesive is a polycondensation adhesive or comprises a polycondensation adhesive.
    [2]
    2. Verbundelcment according to claim 1, characterized in that a cover layer (10,11) on the upper side (2) and / or the underside (3) of the Kernclementes (1), preferably on the upper side (2) and the lower side (3 ) is provided.
    [3]
    3. Composite element according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the adhesive of the adhesive mixture is a polycondensation adhesive or comprises a polycondensation adhesive.
    [4]
    4. Composite element according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the core element (1) is formed substantially of inorganic material.
    [5]
    5. Composite element according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the core element (1) is a Blähglasplatte or foam glass plate. P12282


    [6]
    6. Composite element according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the adhesive or the adhesive mixture is applied with an application amount of 30 - 800 g / m2.
    [7]
    7. Composite element according to claim 6, characterized in that the adhesive or the adhesive mixture is applied with an application rate of 100 - 700 g / m2.
    [8]
    8. Composite element according to claim 7, characterized in that the adhesive or the adhesive mixture is applied with an application amount of 200 - 600 g / m2.
    [9]
    9. The composite element according to claim 8, characterized in that the adhesive or the adhesive mixture is applied with an application rate of 400 - 500 g / m2.
    [10]
    10. Composite element according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the adhesive is an aminoplastic adhesive, for example, a UF resin adhesive.
    [11]
    Composite element according to one of Claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the flame retardant is a halogen-free flame retardant, e.g. based on ammonium polyphosphate.
    [12]
    12. Composite element according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the at least one cover layer (10,11) is formed from a fiber material.
    [13]
    13. Composite element according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the at least one cover layer (10,11) is formed from a fabric, scrim or web.
    [14]
    14. Composite element according to one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the at least one cover layer (10,11) is formed from an inorganic material Pm8z


    [15]
    15. Composite element according to one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that basalt or a basalt tissue is formed.
    [16]
    16. Composite element according to claim 15, characterized in that the basalt fabric has a density of at most 220 g / m2.
    [17]
    17. Composite element according to one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the at least one cover layer (10,11) is formed from carbon or a carbon fabric.
    [18]
    18. Composite element according to claim 17, characterized in that the carbon fabric has a density of at most 220 g / m 2.
    [19]
    19. Composite element according to one of claims 1 to 12 or 14, characterized in that the at least one cover layer (10,11) is formed from a laminate.
    [20]
    20. Composite element according to one of claims 1 to 19, characterized in that the at least one cover layer has a melting temperature of about 350 ° C, in particular above 600 ° C or above 1000 ° C.
    [21]
    21. Composite element according to one of claims 1 to 20, characterized in that on the at least one, preferably on both cover layers (10,11) each have a layer (12, 13) is applied from a veneer.
    [22]
    22. Composite element according to claim 21, characterized in that the veneer is provided with a flame retardant.
    [23]
    23. Composite element according to claim 22, characterized in that the veneer is impregnated in a flame retardant, preferably in an organic flame retardant. ΡΙ22 $ 2


    [24]
    Composite element according to claim 22 or 23, characterized in that the veneer is treated with the flame retardant, e.g. an organic or inorganic flame retardant is sprayed.
    [25]
    25. Composite element according to claim 23, characterized in that the veneer is impregnated with the flame retardant in at least one, preferably exactly one impregnation cycle with the flame retardant.
    [26]
    26. Composite element according to claim 24, characterized in that the veneer is provided in one or more, preferably in 1-4 spray passes, with the flame retardant, for example with in each case 50-100 g / mA2 square meter of flame retardant per spray pass.
    [27]
    27. Composite element according to one of claims 21 to 26, characterized in that the veneer cover layer has a thickness of 0.45 mm - 0.9 mm, for example 0.7 mm.
    [28]
    28. Composite element according to one of claims 21 to 27, characterized in that a veneer layer (12,13) by means of an adhesive bond (30) in the form of an aminoplasti-rule adhesive or a polycondensation adhesive with a cover layer (10,11) is connected.
    [29]
    29. The composite element according to claim 28, characterized in that the adhesive bond (30) comprises a melamine resin or urea-formaldehyde resin.
    [30]
    30. The composite element according to claim 29, characterized in that the urea-urea-maldehydharzsystem (the urea formaldehyde resin) is provided with a flame retardant. PiiiSz «» * MS 4 * a
    [31]
    31. The composite element according to claim 29 or 30, characterized in that the adhesive compound is applied in an amount of 120 -150 g / mA2, preferably rolled or sprayed on. Vienna, the " 2 · NOV, 2011
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    法律状态:
    2015-05-15| HC| Change of the firm name or firm address|Owner name: F. LIST GMBH, AT Effective date: 20150401 |
    2021-07-15| MM01| Lapse because of not paying annual fees|Effective date: 20201102 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    ATA681/2011A|AT511510A1|2011-05-12|2011-05-12|COMPOSITE ELEMENT|
    ATA1606/2011A|AT511513B1|2011-05-12|2011-11-02|COMPOSITE ELEMENT|ATA1606/2011A| AT511513B1|2011-05-12|2011-11-02|COMPOSITE ELEMENT|
    EP12167113A| EP2522503A3|2011-05-12|2012-05-08|Composite element|
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